Font - what you use, with specific size and weight;

Typeface - what you see;

Serifs, sans-serifs, scripts, decorative, monospaced styles

 

Measuring Type:

Points: smallest measurement for font size, includes the space around the letterforms

1 point = 1/12 pica

Em spaces: equivalent to the point size of a given font

En space: half the width of an em 

Type Glossary: 

Apex

Aperture

Arc of stem

Arm

Ascender

Bar/Crossbar

Baseline

Bowl

Counter

Cross Stroke

Descender

Foot

Leg

Joint

Shoulder

Stroke

Stem

Tail

Terminal

Vertex

 

Choose typeface:

Works well across various sizes and weights

Typeface with a relatively large x-height - more comfortable reading experience

Easily distinguishable letterforms 

Neutral typeface or the one reflects the message or brand 

Not necessarily a pairing font

Consider trends and history